Most of my applications no longer show on Start or search

OK, I have a strange problem I have not been able to find mention of anywhere else. Basically, ever since I got my laptop, I have been able to just hit the start button on my keyboard and once the tile screen comes up, I just start typing the name of an application I want, and it automatically searches for it. Obviously, this is nothing new, and it is how Windows 8.1 is supposed to work. However, I updated the other day, and now suddenly almost none of my applications come up in searches anymore. They also don't show when I search on the app screen. Is this a known issue, or is this new? Does anyone know a solution to this? Thanks!

EDIT: I am not at all sure that the update is what caused this, but it was about the same time, so it may or may not be connected.