Solved SSD File "Eraser" Needed ??

rrecroc

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Greetings,

I have a new HP Envy 13 + screen tablet/notebook. Its similar to the MS Surface with a magnetically attached thin Bluetooth keyboard. It has the Intel 5th generation M (mobile) processor (1.1/1.3). It also has SSD. Does Windows treat SSD like magnetic drives ?? Does it simply "not see" a file/whatever that has been deleted ..... leaving the file untouched ? If so, does that mean I will have to use one of the programs like "Erasure" to overwrite files once they are "deleted" for security reasons ?
Thanks .....
 

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PS : I might as well ask if these storage drives have to be "defrag'd" like a magnetic drive ?
 

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    HP ENVY X2 Detachable PC 13
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    HP
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CCleaner has a "wipe" option---

screenshot_249.jpg
 

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You can't "secure erase" a file on an SSD as you can on a HD. However, if TRIM is working, and it should be in Windows 7 and later, the effect is a secure erase. As for wiping the whole drive, use the drive's Secure Erase feature, or if unavailable, see:

https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2011/03/erasing_data_fr.html

Or if you're really concerned about this, use FDE like BitLocker.
 

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    Windows 8.1 Pro with Media Center
I don't see why files could not be secure erased/wiped on SSD same as on HDD. Those programs just overwrite files with zeroes or random bits and some you can set to do it multiple times. I tested AVG antivirus and it's secure delete and nothing was able to find erased files. Now maybe CIA or NSA or FBI would be able to do something but normal programs no.
 

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    Windows 8.1 Pro
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    Home made
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    AMD Ryzen7 2700x
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    Asus Prime x470 Pro
    Memory
    16GB Kingston 3600
    Graphics Card(s)
    Asus strix 570 OC 4gb
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    Samsung 960 evo 250GB
    Silicon Power V70 240GB SSD
    WD 1 TB Blue
    WD 2 TB Blue
    Bunch of backup HDDs.
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If you want to be extreme you could overwrite 35 times. :)

screenshot_249.jpg
 

My Computer

System One

  • OS
    Windows 8.1.1 Pro with Media Center
    Computer type
    PC/Desktop
    System Manufacturer/Model
    Gateway
    CPU
    AMD K140 Cores 2 Threads 2 Name AMD K140 Package Socket FT1 BGA Technology 40nm
    Motherboard
    Manufacturer Gateway Model SX2110G (P0)
    Memory
    Type DDR3 Size 8192 MBytes DRAM Frequency 532.3 MHz
    Graphics Card(s)
    ATI AMD Radeon HD 7310 Graphics
    Sound Card
    AMD High Definition Audio Device Realtek High Definition Audio USB Audio Device
    Monitor(s) Displays
    Name 1950W on AMD Radeon HD 7310 Graphics Current Resolution 1366x768 pixels Work Resolution 1366x76
    Screen Resolution
    Current Resolution 1366x768 pixels Work Resolution 1366x768 pixels
    Hard Drives
    AMD K140
    Cores 2
    Threads 2
    Name AMD K140
    Package Socket FT1 BGA
    Technology 40nm
    Specification AMD E1-1200 APU with Radeon HD Graphics
    Family F
    Extended Family 14
    Model 2
    Extended Model 2
    Stepping 0
    Revision ON-C0
    Instruction
    Browser
    Opera 24.0
    Antivirus
    Avast Internet Security
Greetings,

I have a new HP Envy 13 + screen tablet/notebook. Its similar to the MS Surface with a magnetically attached thin Bluetooth keyboard. It has the Intel 5th generation M (mobile) processor (1.1/1.3). It also has SSD. Does Windows treat SSD like magnetic drives ?? Does it simply "not see" a file/whatever that has been deleted ..... leaving the file untouched ? If so, does that mean I will have to use one of the programs like "Erasure" to overwrite files once they are "deleted" for security reasons ?
Thanks .....
When something is deleted(not in recycle) it's gone. From Wikipedia:
A Trim command (commonly typeset as TRIM) allows an operating system to inform a solid-state drive (SSD) which blocks of data are no longer considered in use and can be wiped internally.[SUP][1][/SUP]
Trim was introduced soon after SSDs started to become an affordable alternative to traditional hard disks. Because low-level operation of SSDs differs significantly from hard drives, the typical way in which operating systems handle operations like deletes and formats resulted in unanticipated progressive performance degradation of write operations on SSDs.[SUP][2][/SUP] Trimming enables the SSD to handle garbage collection overhead, which would otherwise significantly slow down future write operations to the involved blocks, in advance.[SUP][3][/SUP]
Although tools to "reset" some drives to a fresh state were already available before the introduction of trimming, they also delete all data on the drive, which makes them impractical to use for ongoing optimization.[SUP][4][/SUP] By 2014 many SSDs had internal idle/background garbage collection mechanisms that work independently of trimming; although this successfully maintains their performance even under operating systems that do not support Trim, it has the associated drawbacks of increased write amplification and wear of the flash cells.[SUP][5][/SUP]
Using a wiper of erasure only causes excessive writes and write magnification(blocks being written and moved around) and reduces the nand cells write life.
 

My Computer

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    Windows 8.1 Update Pro in Hyper-V/Windows 10 Pro 64 bit
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    PC/Desktop
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    Cliff's Black & Blue Wonder
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    Intel Core i9-9900K
    Motherboard
    ASUS ROG Maximus X Hero
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    32 GB Quad Kit, G.Skill Trident Z RGB Series schwarz, DDR4-3866, 18-19-19-39-2T
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    ASUS GeForce RTX 3090 ROG Strix O24G, 24576 MB GDDR6X
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    (1) HD Webcam C270 (2) NVIDIA High Definition Audio (3) Realtek High Definition Audio
    Monitor(s) Displays
    BenQ BL2711U(4K) and a hp 27vx(1080p)
    Screen Resolution
    1920 x 1080 x 32 bits (4294967296 colors) @ 60 Hz
    Hard Drives
    C: Samsung 960 EVO NVMe M.2 SSD
    E: & O: Libraries & OneDrive-> Samsung 850 EVO 1TB
    D: Hyper-V VM's -> Samsung PM951 Client M.2 512Gb SSD
    G: System Images -> HDD Seagate Barracuda 2TB
    PSU
    Corsair HX1000i High Performance ATX Power Supply 80+ Platinum
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    hanteks Enthoo Pro TG
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    Thermaltake Floe Riing RGB TT Premium-Edition 360mm and 3 Corsair blue LED fans
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    Trust GTX THURA
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    Trust GTX 148
    Internet Speed
    25+/5+ (+usually faster)
    Browser
    Edge; Chrome; IE11
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    Windows Defender of course & Malwarebytes Anti-Exploit as a
    Other Info
    Router: FRITZ!Box 7590 AX V2
    Sound system: SHARP HT-SBW460 Dolby Atmos Soundbar
    Webcam: Logitech BRIO ULTRA HD PRO WEBCAM 4K webcam with HDR
Trim and GC are working delayed action, days may pass until data is erased that way, any other erasing works instantaneously. Number of writes is not much of a concern with newer SSD, they can take a lot of punishment.
 

My Computer

System One

  • OS
    Windows 8.1 Pro
    Computer type
    PC/Desktop
    System Manufacturer/Model
    Home made
    CPU
    AMD Ryzen7 2700x
    Motherboard
    Asus Prime x470 Pro
    Memory
    16GB Kingston 3600
    Graphics Card(s)
    Asus strix 570 OC 4gb
    Hard Drives
    Samsung 960 evo 250GB
    Silicon Power V70 240GB SSD
    WD 1 TB Blue
    WD 2 TB Blue
    Bunch of backup HDDs.
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    Sharkoon, Silent Storm 660W
    Case
    Raidmax
    Cooling
    CCM Nepton 140xl
    Internet Speed
    40/2 Mbps
    Browser
    Firefox
    Antivirus
    WD
Trim and GC are working delayed action, days may pass until data is erased that way, any other erasing works instantaneously. Number of writes is not much of a concern with newer SSD, they can take a lot of punishment.

Trim can be activated using "Defragment and optimize Drives" or "Performance Optimization" on Samsung Magician or whatever software came with the SSD. Also "Unnecessary Writes" bad for both HDDs & SSDs. This B.S. with 35 writes isn't any better as once or twice(over written is over written). Just more scare ware sales pitch.
HTG Explains: Why You Only Have to Wipe a Disk Once to Erase It
 

My Computer

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  • OS
    Windows 8.1 Update Pro in Hyper-V/Windows 10 Pro 64 bit
    Computer type
    PC/Desktop
    System Manufacturer/Model
    Cliff's Black & Blue Wonder
    CPU
    Intel Core i9-9900K
    Motherboard
    ASUS ROG Maximus X Hero
    Memory
    32 GB Quad Kit, G.Skill Trident Z RGB Series schwarz, DDR4-3866, 18-19-19-39-2T
    Graphics Card(s)
    ASUS GeForce RTX 3090 ROG Strix O24G, 24576 MB GDDR6X
    Sound Card
    (1) HD Webcam C270 (2) NVIDIA High Definition Audio (3) Realtek High Definition Audio
    Monitor(s) Displays
    BenQ BL2711U(4K) and a hp 27vx(1080p)
    Screen Resolution
    1920 x 1080 x 32 bits (4294967296 colors) @ 60 Hz
    Hard Drives
    C: Samsung 960 EVO NVMe M.2 SSD
    E: & O: Libraries & OneDrive-> Samsung 850 EVO 1TB
    D: Hyper-V VM's -> Samsung PM951 Client M.2 512Gb SSD
    G: System Images -> HDD Seagate Barracuda 2TB
    PSU
    Corsair HX1000i High Performance ATX Power Supply 80+ Platinum
    Case
    hanteks Enthoo Pro TG
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    Thermaltake Floe Riing RGB TT Premium-Edition 360mm and 3 Corsair blue LED fans
    Keyboard
    Trust GTX THURA
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    Trust GTX 148
    Internet Speed
    25+/5+ (+usually faster)
    Browser
    Edge; Chrome; IE11
    Antivirus
    Windows Defender of course & Malwarebytes Anti-Exploit as a
    Other Info
    Router: FRITZ!Box 7590 AX V2
    Sound system: SHARP HT-SBW460 Dolby Atmos Soundbar
    Webcam: Logitech BRIO ULTRA HD PRO WEBCAM 4K webcam with HDR
PS : I might as well ask if these storage drives have to be "defrag'd" like a magnetic drive ?

I don't think there's any point. because there is no physical head movement involved, like in a conventional HD, so the CPU can read and write anywhere on the SSD in the same amount of time. In view of this, defragging actually shortens the life more for no net real benefit. Theres's no head mechanism to wear out either.
 

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    Windows 8.1 with Bing x64
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    Laptop
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    Acer Aspire ES1-512-CSYW
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    Intel Celeron N2840 @ 2.16GHz
    Motherboard
    Acer Aspire ES1-512 BIOS: Insyde Corps V1.07
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    4GB DDR3L SDRAM
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    Intel HD
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    10Mb/s 3 Network HSPA+
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    IE11 and Firefox
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    Windows Defender
Trim and GC are working delayed action, days may pass until data is erased that way, any other erasing works instantaneously. Number of writes is not much of a concern with newer SSD, they can take a lot of punishment.

Trim can be activated using "Defragment and optimize Drives" or "Performance Optimization" on Samsung Magician or whatever software came with the SSD. Also "Unnecessary Writes" bad for both HDDs & SSDs. This B.S. with 35 writes isn't any better as once or twice(over written is over written). Just more scare ware sales pitch.
HTG Explains: Why You Only Have to Wipe a Disk Once to Erase It
It's all a matter of how much security you need, in extreme cases only physical destruction would do. That's what military and security agencies do.
 

My Computer

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  • OS
    Windows 8.1 Pro
    Computer type
    PC/Desktop
    System Manufacturer/Model
    Home made
    CPU
    AMD Ryzen7 2700x
    Motherboard
    Asus Prime x470 Pro
    Memory
    16GB Kingston 3600
    Graphics Card(s)
    Asus strix 570 OC 4gb
    Hard Drives
    Samsung 960 evo 250GB
    Silicon Power V70 240GB SSD
    WD 1 TB Blue
    WD 2 TB Blue
    Bunch of backup HDDs.
    PSU
    Sharkoon, Silent Storm 660W
    Case
    Raidmax
    Cooling
    CCM Nepton 140xl
    Internet Speed
    40/2 Mbps
    Browser
    Firefox
    Antivirus
    WD
[h=2]Operation[edit][/h]The Trim command is designed to enable the operating system to notify the SSD which pages no longer contain valid data due to erases either by the user or operating system itself. During a delete operation, the OS will mark the sectors as free for new data and send a Trim command to the SSD to mark them as not containing valid data. After that the SSD knows not to preserve the contents of the block when writing a page, resulting in less write amplification with fewer writes to the flash, higher write speed, and increased drive life.
Different SSDs implement the Trim command somewhat differently, so performance can vary.[SUP][3][/SUP][SUP][8][/SUP]
Trim irreversibly deletes the data it affects; recovery of accidentally deleted data, as can often be successful on magnetic drives, is not possible.[SUP][14][/SUP]

Trim has been defined as a non-queued command by the T13 subcommittee, and consequently incurs massive execution penalty if used carelessly, e.g., if sent after each filesystem delete command. The non-queued nature of the command requires the driver to first finish any operation, issue the trim command, then resume normal commands. Trim can take a lot of time to complete depending on the firmware in the SSD and may even trigger a garbage collection cycle.[SUP][citation needed][/SUP] This penalty can be minimized in solutions that periodically do a batched trim, rather than trimming upon every file deletion, by scheduling such batch jobs for times when system utilization is minimal. This Trim shortcoming has been overcome in Serial ATA revision 3.1 with the introduction of the Queued Trim Command.[SUP][16][/SUP][SUP][17][/SUP]

A bit more on Trim.
 

My Computer

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  • OS
    Windows 8.1 Update Pro in Hyper-V/Windows 10 Pro 64 bit
    Computer type
    PC/Desktop
    System Manufacturer/Model
    Cliff's Black & Blue Wonder
    CPU
    Intel Core i9-9900K
    Motherboard
    ASUS ROG Maximus X Hero
    Memory
    32 GB Quad Kit, G.Skill Trident Z RGB Series schwarz, DDR4-3866, 18-19-19-39-2T
    Graphics Card(s)
    ASUS GeForce RTX 3090 ROG Strix O24G, 24576 MB GDDR6X
    Sound Card
    (1) HD Webcam C270 (2) NVIDIA High Definition Audio (3) Realtek High Definition Audio
    Monitor(s) Displays
    BenQ BL2711U(4K) and a hp 27vx(1080p)
    Screen Resolution
    1920 x 1080 x 32 bits (4294967296 colors) @ 60 Hz
    Hard Drives
    C: Samsung 960 EVO NVMe M.2 SSD
    E: & O: Libraries & OneDrive-> Samsung 850 EVO 1TB
    D: Hyper-V VM's -> Samsung PM951 Client M.2 512Gb SSD
    G: System Images -> HDD Seagate Barracuda 2TB
    PSU
    Corsair HX1000i High Performance ATX Power Supply 80+ Platinum
    Case
    hanteks Enthoo Pro TG
    Cooling
    Thermaltake Floe Riing RGB TT Premium-Edition 360mm and 3 Corsair blue LED fans
    Keyboard
    Trust GTX THURA
    Mouse
    Trust GTX 148
    Internet Speed
    25+/5+ (+usually faster)
    Browser
    Edge; Chrome; IE11
    Antivirus
    Windows Defender of course & Malwarebytes Anti-Exploit as a
    Other Info
    Router: FRITZ!Box 7590 AX V2
    Sound system: SHARP HT-SBW460 Dolby Atmos Soundbar
    Webcam: Logitech BRIO ULTRA HD PRO WEBCAM 4K webcam with HDR
Trim on my SSD haven't been triggered for 21 days now so if I haven't erased some files they would be still there ?
SSDs are differently organized but HDDs are not so simple as it seams. There are two organizing systems on them too. Physical, as determined by FW and Logical as determined by OS and file system, data and it's position has to be recalculated every time a bit is read or written. Forensic programs work thru lo level format (FW ) to retrieve data not accessible by higher level (OS, file system, logical) formatting and file structure. Some data may also be moved to spare area (over-provisioning) that even mechanical HDD have and with thorough forensics can be at least partially retrieved. Data saving and retrieval services work on all those levels and are able to retrieve a lot of "lost" data even after multiple formattings and data damage. Takes a lot of time and effort though and that's why they are so expensive.
 

My Computer

System One

  • OS
    Windows 8.1 Pro
    Computer type
    PC/Desktop
    System Manufacturer/Model
    Home made
    CPU
    AMD Ryzen7 2700x
    Motherboard
    Asus Prime x470 Pro
    Memory
    16GB Kingston 3600
    Graphics Card(s)
    Asus strix 570 OC 4gb
    Hard Drives
    Samsung 960 evo 250GB
    Silicon Power V70 240GB SSD
    WD 1 TB Blue
    WD 2 TB Blue
    Bunch of backup HDDs.
    PSU
    Sharkoon, Silent Storm 660W
    Case
    Raidmax
    Cooling
    CCM Nepton 140xl
    Internet Speed
    40/2 Mbps
    Browser
    Firefox
    Antivirus
    WD
I don't see why files could not be secure erased/wiped on SSD same as on HDD. Those programs just overwrite files with zeroes or random bits and some you can set to do it multiple times. I tested AVG antivirus and it's secure delete and nothing was able to find erased files. Now maybe CIA or NSA or FBI would be able to do something but normal programs no.

The Schneier page I linked to links to a paper that talks about the difficulty in secure erasing single files using HD-style techniques as well as securing erasing entire drives. Here's a brief overview of the same paper:

Study: Nearly Impossible to Delete Data on SSDs

As for accessing the data remnants following the HD-style methods, the authors said:

Figure 2 shows the FPGA-based hardware we built to extract remnants. It cost $1000 to build, but a simpler, microcontroller-based version would cost as little as $200, and would require only a moderate amount of technical skill to construct.


The paper was published in 2011. I haven't checked, but I would guess what they did is within the capabilities of commercial data recovery services.
 

My Computer

System One

  • OS
    Windows 8.1 Pro with Media Center
Trim on my SSD haven't been triggered for 21 days now so if I haven't erased some files they would be still there ?
SSDs are differently organized but HDDs are not so simple as it seams. There are two organizing systems on them too. Physical, as determined by FW and Logical as determined by OS and file system, data and it's position has to be recalculated every time a bit is read or written. Forensic programs work thru lo level format (FW ) to retrieve data not accessible by higher level (OS, file system, logical) formatting and file structure. Some data may also be moved to spare area (over-provisioning) that even mechanical HDD have and with thorough forensics can be at least partially retrieved. Data saving and retrieval services work on all those levels and are able to retrieve a lot of "lost" data even after multiple formattings and data damage. Takes a lot of time and effort though and that's why they are so expensive.

My System triggers every day. And with wiping any drive that only gets the physical data. What about Registry keys that point to Users App Data folder or Windows Side by Side(WinSxS) metadata has also important info. Like you said Mike the only guarantee is destroy a HDD. But an SSD is different in that you only have to delete all partitions, then hook it up as a second internal and reformat, then force a trim.
 

My Computer

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  • OS
    Windows 8.1 Update Pro in Hyper-V/Windows 10 Pro 64 bit
    Computer type
    PC/Desktop
    System Manufacturer/Model
    Cliff's Black & Blue Wonder
    CPU
    Intel Core i9-9900K
    Motherboard
    ASUS ROG Maximus X Hero
    Memory
    32 GB Quad Kit, G.Skill Trident Z RGB Series schwarz, DDR4-3866, 18-19-19-39-2T
    Graphics Card(s)
    ASUS GeForce RTX 3090 ROG Strix O24G, 24576 MB GDDR6X
    Sound Card
    (1) HD Webcam C270 (2) NVIDIA High Definition Audio (3) Realtek High Definition Audio
    Monitor(s) Displays
    BenQ BL2711U(4K) and a hp 27vx(1080p)
    Screen Resolution
    1920 x 1080 x 32 bits (4294967296 colors) @ 60 Hz
    Hard Drives
    C: Samsung 960 EVO NVMe M.2 SSD
    E: & O: Libraries & OneDrive-> Samsung 850 EVO 1TB
    D: Hyper-V VM's -> Samsung PM951 Client M.2 512Gb SSD
    G: System Images -> HDD Seagate Barracuda 2TB
    PSU
    Corsair HX1000i High Performance ATX Power Supply 80+ Platinum
    Case
    hanteks Enthoo Pro TG
    Cooling
    Thermaltake Floe Riing RGB TT Premium-Edition 360mm and 3 Corsair blue LED fans
    Keyboard
    Trust GTX THURA
    Mouse
    Trust GTX 148
    Internet Speed
    25+/5+ (+usually faster)
    Browser
    Edge; Chrome; IE11
    Antivirus
    Windows Defender of course & Malwarebytes Anti-Exploit as a
    Other Info
    Router: FRITZ!Box 7590 AX V2
    Sound system: SHARP HT-SBW460 Dolby Atmos Soundbar
    Webcam: Logitech BRIO ULTRA HD PRO WEBCAM 4K webcam with HDR
SSDs are differently organized but HDDs are not so simple as it seams. There are two organizing systems on them too. Physical, as determined by FW and Logical as determined by OS and file system, data and it's position has to be recalculated every time a bit is read or written. Forensic programs work thru lo level format (FW ) to retrieve data not accessible by higher level (OS, file system, logical) formatting and file structure. Some data may also be moved to spare area (over-provisioning) that even mechanical HDD have and with thorough forensics can be at least partially retrieved.

When you tell a HD to write to a given physical sector, it writes to that sector. An HD remaps a reserved sector to take the place of the original sector only if it determines the latter is failing. SSDs don't work like that. You tell an SSD to write to a specific sector, and it can't, because it has to erase it first, so it chooses a different sector. However, it provides the illusion of writing to it by maintaining a mapping table for the entire drive, and its ordinary operation is similar to what an HD does only under exceptional circumstances.
 

My Computer

System One

  • OS
    Windows 8.1 Pro with Media Center
Seems turning on bitlocker is far easier and more reliable. No-one can retrieve anything and you can always forget and destroy the keys if you feel the need to sanitise the drive.
 

My Computer

System One

  • OS
    Windows 10 Pro Prieview x64
    Computer type
    Laptop
    System Manufacturer/Model
    MacBook Pro Core2Duo
    CPU
    T7600
    Memory
    3
    Graphics Card(s)
    ATI Radeon X1600
    Monitor(s) Displays
    Internal
    Screen Resolution
    1440 x 800
    Hard Drives
    40GB
    Keyboard
    Apple
    Mouse
    Apple
    Internet Speed
    Varies
    Browser
    Various
    Antivirus
    Defender
Seems turning on bitlocker is far easier and more reliable. No-one can retrieve anything and you can always forget and destroy the keys if you feel the need to sanitise the drive.
Yes that is but it doesn't get rid of stuff and I also heard that certain agencies have "Master key" for it. Given enough computing power and time, any code could be broken anyway. Things that are destroyed can't come back and bite you. It all boils down to what and who from you want to keep something away. It's one thing to keep one girlfriend away from other one and another thing when you have to get rid of some security information although you can loose life or limb from either one.
 

My Computer

System One

  • OS
    Windows 8.1 Pro
    Computer type
    PC/Desktop
    System Manufacturer/Model
    Home made
    CPU
    AMD Ryzen7 2700x
    Motherboard
    Asus Prime x470 Pro
    Memory
    16GB Kingston 3600
    Graphics Card(s)
    Asus strix 570 OC 4gb
    Hard Drives
    Samsung 960 evo 250GB
    Silicon Power V70 240GB SSD
    WD 1 TB Blue
    WD 2 TB Blue
    Bunch of backup HDDs.
    PSU
    Sharkoon, Silent Storm 660W
    Case
    Raidmax
    Cooling
    CCM Nepton 140xl
    Internet Speed
    40/2 Mbps
    Browser
    Firefox
    Antivirus
    WD
Piling zeros on a SSD is not such a swift idea. It will produce a considerable slowdown for write operations. It is better to just delete the file and let Garbage Collection do it's job. For best results there it is good to halt the system in BIOS mode from time to time. Then the SSD has power but there is no write activity from the OS.
 

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  • OS
    Vista and Win7
    System Manufacturer/Model
    2xHP, 2xGateway, 1xDell, 1xSony
    Hard Drives
    5 SSDs and 12 HDs

My Computer

System One

  • OS
    Windows 8.1
    Computer type
    Tablet
    System Manufacturer/Model
    HP ENVY X2 Detachable PC 13
    CPU
    INTEL 5Y70 CPU 1.1 Ghz base and 2.6 Ghz Turbo 5th Gen.
    Motherboard
    HP
    Memory
    8 GB RAM
    Monitor(s) Displays
    13" High Resolution
    Hard Drives
    252 GB SxS
    Cooling
    Passive
    Keyboard
    Bluetooth Detachable
    Mouse
    Pad
    Internet Speed
    100 Plus Megaherz
    Browser
    Chrome and IE 11
    Antivirus
    Webbroot
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