Well, just after posting this, I finally managed to fix this problem. Here is how I did it if anyone else runs into this issue.
1. Run regedit
2. Go to "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Shell\Bags\1\Desktop"
3. Locate the "LogicalViewMode" and "Mode" keys
4. Bring up the Windows Task Manager.
5. Kill the "explorer.exe" task. Any changes to the keys made above will not take while explorer.exe is running.
6. Change "LogicalViewMode" to 3 and "Mode" to 5.
7. In the Windows Task Manager, click the File > Run New Task option, type in "explorer" and push enter
8. Your icons should be returned to their normal state.